• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system. The invention provides a wind turbine that has a system for positioning the rotor in an azimuth position of reference azref and maintenance in it for a predetermined period of time, the wind turbine being arranged in test mode. Said rotor positioning system comprises a first controller (31) configured to generate a reference speed of the generator ωref from the difference between the azimuth reference position of the rotor azref and the measured azimuth position of the rotor azmeas and a second controller (35) configured to generate a reference torque of the generator tref from the difference between said reference speed of the generator ωref and the measured speed of the generator ωmeas. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2575101A1
    申请号:ES201401039
    申请日:2014-12-24
    公开日:2016-06-24
    发明作者:Eugenio PLANO MORILLO；Ignacio FERNÁNDEZ ROMERO
    申请人:Gamesa Innovation and Technology SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Known rotor positioning systems to perform tasks
    as mentioned they have a high manual component and do not allow for
    both its remote operation which would be very desirable especially in the
    marine wind turbines
    5
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The invention provides a wind turbine that has a system
    of positioning the rotor in an azimuthal position of reference AZref and of
    10 maintenance on it for a predetermined period of time, being
    arranged the wind turbine in test mode, so that during said period
    can carry out the tasks mentioned in the previous section. That
    system comprises a first controller configured to generate a
    reference speed of the Qref generator from the difference between the
    fifteen azimuthal reference position of the AZref rotor AND the measured azimuthal position of the
    Azmeas rotor And a second controller configured to generate a torque of
    reference of the Tref generator from the difference between said speed of
    Qref generator reference And the measured speed of the Qmeas generator.
    The first and / or the second controller can be PI controllers
    2 o (Proportional, Integral) or PID controllers (Proportional, Integral, Derivative)
    its variable earnings being dependent on the wind speed Vmeas
    measured at the height of the rotor hub.
    The wind turbine comprises an Uninterruptible Supply device
    of Energy (UPS) or a connection to a power grid to provide power
    25 to the generator when it acts as an engine under the control of the system
    rotor positioning.
    Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent.
    of the following detailed description of an illustrative and non-limiting embodiment
    of its object in relation to the accompanying figures.
    30
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a
    wind turbine
    Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a
    embodiment of the rotor positioning system according to the invention with two
    5 PI controllers
    Figures 3-6 are schematic block diagrams illustrating how
    the proportional and integral gains of the two PI controllers are obtained.
    Figure 7 illustrates the operation of the positioning system of the
    rotor to place it in the azimuth position 90deg.
    10
    Detailed description of the invention
    A typical wind turbine 11 comprises a tower 13 supporting a
    gondola 21 that houses a generator 19 to convert the rotational energy of the
    fifteen rotor of the wind turbine in electric power. The wind turbine rotor
    It comprises a rotor bushing 15 and normally three blades 17. The rotor bushing 15
    is connected, either directly or through a multiplier, to a
    generator 19 to transfer the torque generated by the rotor to generator 19
    increasing the speed of the axis in order to reach a rotational speed
    2 o appropriate generator rotor to produce power.
    The wind turbine 11 also comprises means for the generator
    19 can act as a motor receiving energy from an appropriate source
    such as an available Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) device
    in wind turbine 11 itself or an electrical network to which the wind turbine
    25 11 is connected. In that way, the generator 19 can be used as a means
    rotor drive.
    The energy produced by wind turbine 11 is controlled by
    of a control system to regulate the pitch angle of the rotor blades and
    The generator torque. Rotational speed of the rotor and the production of
    3 o Wind turbine energy can thus be controlled.
    For this purpose the control system receives input data such as the
    wind speed V, generator speed D, the angle of passage of
    e blades, the production of P energy from well-known devices of
    measure and send output data eref, Tref to, respectively, the actuator system
    of the pitch angle of the blades to change the angular position of the blades 17
    and to a generator 19 command unit to change the torque reference
    5 for energy production.
    According to the present invention the control system also comprises a
    rotor positioning system that allows you to position it in a position
    determined when wind turbine 11 is in test mode, that is when the
    wind turbine does not produce energy, the rotor and the power train spin freely
    10 by the action of the wind and the brake system is deactivated.
    That determined position is expressed in terms of a post.
    azimuth reference Azref. For example, the azimuth position Odeg means that
    blade 1 of wind turbine 11 is with its tip pointing to the sky, the position
    azimuthal 90deg means that, looking at the wind turbine from outside and from a
    fifteen observer located in front of him, shovel 1 would be turned in the direction of the
    90deg clock hands and azimuth position 180deg azimuth means that the shovel
    1 is pointing to the ground. The azimuth position of the rotor is measured with a sensor
    located on the low speed side of the power train that generates a pulse
    when blade 1 is in the azimuthal position Odeg. Depending on the relationship of
    2 o transmission between the low speed shaft and the high speed shaft and from this
    Pulse is calculated, by integration, the azimuthal position.
    In an embodiment of the invention using PI controllers
    (proportional integral), the rotor positioning control system
    (see Figure 2) includes:
    25 -A first PI 31 controller that generates a reference speed of
    .aref generator from the azimuth error Azerr, which is obtained in module 29
    which is configured to calculate it from the azimuth position of
    AZref reference and azmeas measured azimuthal position (via sensor
    mentioned above) and of proportional and integral earnings Kp1 and
    3 o Ki1 dependent on wind speed V (measured with an anemometer
    located at the height of the rotor bushing 15).
    -A second PI 35 controller that generates a reference torque of the
    Tref generator from the nerr generator speed error, which is
    obtains in module 33 which is configured to calculate it from the
    reference speed of the nref generator and the measured speed of the
    5 nmeas generator (after applying a filter to remove high components
    frequency) and proportional and integral gains Kp2 and Ki2.
    The proportional gain Kp1, expressed in rpm / deg, is obtained (see
    Figure 3) in module 43 which is configured to calculate it by multiplying a
    variable gain value Ltv1 dependent on wind speed V mean
    10 averaged at 600s at the height of rotor hub 15 by a parameter P1,
    expressed in rpm / deg, which defines the proportional gain of the first
    PI 31 controller. The variable gain value Ltv1 is obtained in module 41
    which is configured to calculate it from Vmean using a table of
    interpolation.
    fifteen The integral gain Ki1, expressed in s * rpm / deg, is obtained (see Figure
    4) in module 45 which is configured to calculate it from the gain
    proportional Kp1 and a parameter P2, expressed in s, that defines the time
    integral of the first integral proportional controller 31.
    The proportional gain Kp2, expressed in Nm / rpm, is obtained (see
    2 o Figure 5) in module 53 which is configured to calculate it by multiplying a
    variable gain value Ltv2 dependent on wind speed V mean
    averaged at 600 seconds at the height of rotor hub 15 by a parameter
    P3, expressed in Nmlrpm, which defines the proportional gain of the second
    PI 35 controller. The variable gain value Ltv2 is obtained in module 51
    25 which is configured to calculate it from V mean using a table of
    interpolation.
    The integral gain Ki2, expressed in s * Nm / rpm, is obtained (see Figure
    6) in module 55 which is configured to calculate it from Kp2 and a
    parameter P4, expressed in s, which defines the integral time of the second
    3 o PI controller 35.
    The following curves (see Figure 7) illustrate the operation of the system
    of positioning of the rotor to place it in the azimuthal position 90deg:
    - Curve 61 represents the azimuth reference position Azref (90deg).
    -Curve 63 represents the evolution in time of the azimuthal position
    Azmeas measure.
    -The curve 65 represents the evolution in time of the speed of
    5 generator reference Dref.
    - Curve 67 represents the evolution in time of the measured speed
    of the Dmeas generator.
    - Curve 69 represents the evolution over time of the azimuth azimuthal error.
    - Curve 71 represents the evolution in time of the torque of
    10 Tref generator reference.
    As can be seen, the rotor positioning system begins
    to demand an initial reference speed of the Dref generator of 20rpm
    (curve 65) and, from time t1, the azimuthal reference position AZref of
    90deg (curve 61).
    fifteen Once the azmeas measured azimuth position (curve 63) coincides with the
    azimuth reference position AZref (curve 61) at time t2, the
    31.35 controllers to achieve the reference torque of the Tref generator
    (curve 71) necessary to keep Azmeas at 90deg. AZerr azimuth error arrives
    a O at 200s and the reference torque of the Tref generator varies over time
    2 o taking positive and negative values.
    The main advantage of the invention is that it allows the automation of
    wind turbine operation to keep the rotor fixed in one position
    azimuth determined for a certain time to perform such operations
    such as rotor locking, personnel access to the wind turbine from
    25 helicopters and the calibration of the paddle load sensors.
    Although the present invention has been described in connection with several
    embodiments, can be seen from the description that can be made
    several combinations of elements, variations or improvements in them and that are
    within the scope of the invention defined in the claims
    3 o following.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    rotor (15) averaged at 600s and of a parameter P1, expressed in rpm / deg, which defines the proportional gain of the first controller (31);
    - the integral gain Ki1, expressed in s * rpm / deg, is obtained in a module (45) configured to calculate it from the proportional gain Kp1 Y of a parameter P1 defining the integral time s of the first controller (31);
    - the proportional gain Kp2, expressed in Nmlrpm, is obtained in a module (53) configured to calculate it from a variable gain value Ltv2 dependent on the wind speed V mean at the height of the bushing averaged at 600 seconds and a parameter P3, expressed in Nmlrpm, which defines the proportional gain of the second controller (35);
    - The integral gain Ki2, expressed in s * Nm / rpm, is obtained in a module (55) configured to calculate it from the proportional gain Kp2 and a parameter P4 that defines the integral time s of the second controller (35).
    [4]
    Four. A wind turbine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the first and the second controller (31, 35) are derivative integral proportional controllers and the proportional, integral and derivative gains thereof are variables dependent on the measured wind speed V meas at the height of the rotor bushing (15).
    [5]
    5. A wind turbine (11) according to any one of claims 1-4, which also comprises an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) device to provide power to the generator (19) when the wind turbine is in the test state and the generator (19) acts Like an engine
    [6]
    6. A wind turbine (11) according to any one of claims 1-4, which also comprises a connection with an electrical network to provide power to the generator (19) when the wind turbine is in the test state and the
    3 O generator (19) acts as an engine.
    FIG. 1
    ~
    29 I ~ AZerr
    L --___----- '
    I
    Kp1 Ki1
    ilref ilmeas
    ~ Tref
    FIG. 2
     Vmean - I 41 ~ L1 v1
    43
    Kp1
    P1
    FIG. 3
    Kp1
    Four. Five
    Ki1
    P2
    FIG. 4
     Vmean - I 51 ~ L1 v2
    53
    Kp2
    P3
    FIG. 5
    Kp2
    55
    Ki1
    P4
    FIG. 6
    61 63
    AZ
    200 300 400 500 600 t 65
    'W. .,., ........
    n ~~ LQ ~ .-- ~ -_--- ~
     ; - - ~. : ~ - ~ 1
    ! ~.
    • 50 '-_____- 1 -. ---- ......-' --------'-----, .... <., ....--- --'--------- '
    o t OO 200 300 400 500 600 t 69
    FIG. 7
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    引用文献:
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    ES2382840T3|2007-06-18|2012-06-13|Suzlon Energy Gmbh|Locking device for a wind turbine|
    ES2467931T3|2010-03-15|2014-06-13|Senvion Se|Procedure to determine a maintenance azimuthal angle of a wind power installation|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201401039A|ES2575101B1|2014-12-24|2014-12-24|Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system|ES201401039A| ES2575101B1|2014-12-24|2014-12-24|Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system|
    EP15003439.5A| EP3037658A1|2014-12-24|2015-12-03|Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system|
    US14/968,150| US10240582B2|2014-12-24|2015-12-14|Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system|
    BR102015032479A| BR102015032479A2|2014-12-24|2015-12-23|wind turbine with a rotor positioning system|
    CN201510982952.2A| CN105736241A|2014-12-24|2015-12-24|Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system|
    MX2016000017A| MX2016000017A|2014-12-24|2016-01-07|Wind turbine with a rotor positioning system.|
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